Basalt formation is the dominant landscape along the seashore of Wangan, interspersed by sandy beaches that stretch for a few thousand meters. The sand is composed of silica and fragments of corals and shells, which made the beaches the perfect nesting beaches for green turtles. There may be submerged ridges in the shallow waters, and the green turtles may cross this barrier and reach the beach only during high tides.
In 1995, the Penghu County Government proclaimed six particular sites as Green Turtle Breeding Refuge, including Tian-tai Hill Beach, Si-an Reservoir Beach, Tu-di-gong Fishing Port Beach, Shuei-lei-gang-zih Beach, Wang-an-kou Beach, and Wan-shan-gong Beach.